与风相关的洪水后的长期死亡率在患有痴呆症的熟练护理机构居民中
Nathan Ashe1, Orysya Soroka2, Arnab K Ghosh1,2
1https://ror.org/02r109517Weill Cornell Medical College, United States.
Disaster medicine and public health preparedness
|December 23, 2025
概括
患有痴呆症的熟练护理机构居民暴露在桑迪风洪水中,面临更高的5年死亡率. 这凸显了为认知障碍患者制定专门的灾害准备计划的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 灾难医学 灾难医学
背景情况:
- 桑迪风对沿海地区产生了重大影响,影响了熟练护理设施 (SNF) 的弱势群体.
- 痴呆症的居民在自然灾害期间和之后可能面临独特的挑战,原因是认知和功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查痴呆症与SNF居民暴露在桑迪风洪水中的5年全因死亡率之间的关联.
- 评估痴呆症对重大自然灾害后的长期生存结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 对65岁以上的医疗保险收费服务受益者的分析,在纽约,新泽西和康州被洪水淹没的邮政编码内的SNF中.
- 使用20%的医疗保险FFS样本与最低数据集,LTCFocus,护理比较和美国社区调查数据联系在一起.
- 采用卡普兰-梅尔曲线,多变量考克斯模型和倾向性得分匹配来分析5年死亡率,用USGS洪水形状文件定义的洪水暴露.
主要成果:
- 在1627名SNF居民中,有767人 (47%) 患有痴呆症;这些人年龄较大,较少非西班牙裔白人,并且更频繁地符合Medicare/Medicaid双重资格.
- 痴呆症与更高的5年死亡率有显著的关联 (调整后的HR为1.20;倾向性得分与HR相匹配为1.24).
- 患有痴呆症的居民的中位生存时间明显较短 (1.68年) 与没有痴呆症的居民 (2.61年) 相比.
结论:
- 居住在被洪水淹没的地区的患有痴呆症的熟练护理机构居民经历了5年死亡率的增加.
- 这些发现强调了制定和实施痴呆症特异性灾难准备和应对计划的迫切需要.
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