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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

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圣体勃起器脊柱平面块:一个叙述审查

Burhan Dost1, Madan Narayanan2, Francesco Marrone3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey. burhandost@hotmail.com.

Pain and therapy
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
概括

交叉起器脊柱平面 (S-ESP) 块在各种手术中显示出缓解手术后疼痛的前景. 虽然短期内安全有效,但需要更多的研究来标准化技术并确认其益处.

关键词:
尾巴堵塞 尾巴堵塞 尾巴堵塞通过神经阻断,阻断神经.手术后的止痛疗法区域麻醉地区麻醉圣器勃起器脊柱平面块块块块块块块块块块块块块块块超声波超声波是指超声波的使用.

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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