公共卫生 公共卫生
Augusto J Mendes1,2, Federica Ribaldi2, Ozge Sayin2
1Geneva Memory Center, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
多领域干预,特别是结合体力活动 (PA) 和认知训练 (CT),显著改善了老年人的认知功能. 长期参与扩大了这些持续认知健康的好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 痴呆症风险与可修改的血管和生活方式因素有关.
- 单个和多域干预旨在缓解认知衰退.
- 这些干预措施在没有认知障碍的个体中的有效性需要澄清.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较单个和多领域干预的有效性.
- 评估对认知不受损的老年人对全球认知的影响.
主要方法:
- 120项前性干预研究 (18,021名参与者) 的系统审查和网络元分析.
- 包括干预措施:饮食 (D),体育活动 (PA),认知训练 (CT),社交活动 (SA),健康监测/咨询 (H).
- 评估了全球认知结果;计算了标准化平均差异 (SMD);对长期干预 (>6个月) 进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 多域PA+CT干预显示出最大的效果大小 (SMD=0.27).
- 单域CT (SMD=0.17) 和单域PA (SMD=0.12) 也是有效的.
- 长期干预,特别是单域CT (SMD=0.34) 和PA+CT (SMD=0.26),证明了增强的认知效益.
结论:
- 多领域干预,特别是PA+CT组合,对于改善/维持老年人的认知功能是优越的.
- 持续的,全面的方法对于认知健康至关重要.
- 这些发现为未来的痴呆症预防策略提供了信息,这些策略针对可修改的风险因素.
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