公共卫生 公共卫生
1University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
概括
更年期较早与女性认知功能较差有关. 这项研究发现,过早更年期对印度女性的影响更大,而晚期更年期对中国女性的认知健康产生影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 女性患痴呆症的患病率高于男性,中年风险因素不足以解释这种差异.
- 雌激素的神经保护作用表明,更年期的时间可能会影响认知功能,需要进一步的研究,特别是跨国.
- 关于中国和印度的更年期年龄和认知功能的证据有限,之前没有进行过跨国比较.
研究的目的:
- 调查绝经时的年龄与绝经后妇女的认知功能之间的关联.
- 为了比较这两个不同的人口之间的关联:中国和印度.
- 为了确定这些国家之间的更年期时间及其认知影响的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 来自中国 (CHARLS) 和印度 (LASI) 的45岁以上绝经后妇女的国家代表性样本的分析.
- 更年期年龄的分类为<40,40-44,45-49,50-55和>55岁.
- 认知功能的评估使用神经心理测试和线性回归模型的复合得分,调整人口统计和国家相互作用.
主要成果:
- 印度女性的更年期平均年龄和高等教育比中国女性更早.
- 早期 (<40) 和早期 (40-44) 绝经在印度更为普遍;晚期绝经 (50-55) 在中国更为普遍.
- 早期更年期 (<50) 与全球认知能力较差相关. 在中国,晚期更年期 (>55) 与较差的认知功能有关,与印度不同.
结论:
- 早期更年期与女性认知功能下降有显著的关联.
- 印度妇女承受着早产和早期更年期的更高负担,影响认知健康.
- 中国妇女因更年期晚期而面临额外的风险,这也与较差的认知结果有关.
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