公共卫生 公共卫生
Carolina B Castro1,2, Samantha L Gardener2,3, Farzana Jahan4
1Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
概括
西式饮食,高糖和脂肪,加速大脑葡萄糖代谢下降在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的遗传风险的人. 谨慎饮食在这个队列中没有显著影响大脑新陈代谢.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的特点是大脑葡萄糖代谢减少,与突触功能障碍和认知能力下降有关.
- 饮食模式,如西方饮食和谨慎饮食,可能会影响大脑新陈代谢和AD风险.
- 使用[18F]化氧糖的正子发射断层扫描 (PET) (FDG-PET) 是评估大脑葡萄糖代谢的关键成像生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 研究坚持西方和谨慎饮食模式与大脑葡萄糖代谢变化之间的关联.
- 为了检查这些协会在特定的脑部区域容易受到AD.
- 探索阿波利波蛋白E (APOE) ε4基因型是否改变饮食对大脑新陈代谢的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自133名认知不受损的老年人的纵向数据.
- 使用食物频率问卷进行饮食评估,通过主要成分分析识别西方和审慎饮食模式.
- 在43个月内重复FDG-PET成像测量大脑葡萄糖代谢.
- 线性混合效应模型和根据APOE ε4载体状态的分层来评估饮食代谢相关性.
主要成果:
- 坚持西方饮食与APOE ε4载体 (p=0.032) 中右状回形中葡萄糖代谢的更快下降显著相关.
- 在APOE ε4非载体中,西方饮食和大脑葡萄糖代谢之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 在APOE ε4载体或非载体中,没有观察到谨慎饮食和大脑葡萄糖代谢之间的显著关联.
结论:
- 西方饮食可能会对大脑葡萄糖代谢产生负面影响,特别是在患有阿尔茨海默病遗传倾向 (APOE ε4) 的个体中.
- 观察到的状圈的衰退凸显了饮食在维持认知功能和大脑健康方面的作用.
- 需要进一步的研究,以阐明饮食与神经退行相关联的机制,并开发用于预防痴呆症的饮食干预措施.
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