公共卫生 公共卫生
Fangshuo Cheng1, Fen Sun2,3
1College of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
概括
阿尔茨海默病的死亡率显示出明显的性别差异,高BMI和葡萄糖等代谢因素不成比例地影响男性和女性. 有针对性的干预措施对于预防至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症 (ADOD) 不成比例地影响女性,与男性相比,患病率和死亡率高1.73倍.
- 代谢风险因素对全球痴呆症负担作出了重大贡献,表现出明显的性别特异性影响.
- 在ADOD的全因死亡负担中的性别差异需要系统的探索.
研究的目的:
- 系统地探索阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症 (ADOD) 归因于代谢风险因素的全因死亡负担中的性别差异.
- 分析1990年至2021年ADOD死亡率的趋势,并预测未来的变化.
- 确定ADOD死亡率中的特定风险因素和区域差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了2021年全球疾病负担研究 (GBD) 的数据来分析ADOD全因死亡率.
- 在多个维度和风险因素中量化ADOD死亡率的趋势和预测的未来变化.
- 采用"边界"分析来确定减负负担潜力最大的地区.
主要成果:
- 从1990-2021年,高体重指数 (HBMI) 的负担在男性中增加了两倍快;高空腹血葡萄糖 (HFPG) 的负担在两性中同样增加.
- 在女性中,吸烟导致的ADOD死亡率下降的速度是女性的两倍.
- 预计2036年男性 (40岁以上) 的ASMR为17.13 (HFPG最大,HBMI增长最快);对于女性来说,它是19.98 (HFPG最大和增长最快).
结论:
- 增加的代谢风险因素给全球健康带来了迫切的挑战,在ADOD死亡率方面存在明显的性别差异.
- 针对HBMI,HFPG和吸烟的有针对性的干预措施是必不可少的,根据特定的社会人口指数 (SDI) 地区量身定制.
- 针对代谢风险因素的性别特异性趋势对于有效的阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症预防策略至关重要.
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