公共卫生 公共卫生
Clara Burgo1, Maria Campos-Magdaleno1,2, Carlos Dosil-Díaz1
1Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
双任务 (DT) 训练显著改善了长期护理中心的老年人的认知功能. 这种干预措施提高了双重任务的性能和整体认知状态,显示了超越情感和功能改善的好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 康复科学 康复科学 康复科学
背景情况:
- 老年人同时执行任务的困难是阿尔茨海默病和痴呆症的公认标志物.
- 双任务 (DT) 训练为各种年龄组提供认知,情感和功能上的好处.
- 长期护理中心 (LTCCs) 为干预提供了一个独特的环境,原因是脆弱性和认知障碍的高率.
研究的目的:
- 调查DT培训在改善LTCC中老年人的认知,情感和功能状态方面的有效性.
- 为了确定DT培训的好处是否对整体认知状态进行概括.
- 具体来说,要评估 DT 培训对双重任务性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及西北西班牙10个LTCC的94名老年人 (平均年龄86.53岁) 的研究.
- 参与者被分配到DT训练组 (46) 或接受标准认知刺激的对照组 (48).
- 干预包括每周10次50分钟的联合身体-认知,身体-物理和认知-认知任务;评估包括认知 (MoCA,流性),情感和功能测试干预前后.
主要成果:
- 在纸和笔任务 (p < 0.01) 和流利任务 (p < 0.001) 的双重任务条件中观察到显著的组 x 时间相互作用.
- 摩卡测试得分也显示了显著的组x时间相互作用 (p < 0.001),表明认知状态有所改善.
- 作为共变量,对情感或功能措施没有发现显著的影响.
结论:
- 与对照组相比,接受DT培训的老年人表现出显著的认知收益.
- 认知功能的改善是普遍的,无论参与者的情感或功能状态如何.
- DT培训是一种可行的和有效的干预措施,用于提高LTCC环境中老年人的认知表现.
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