公共卫生 公共卫生
Tiia Ngandu1,2, Alina Solomon2,3,4, Jenni Lehtisalo1,2
1Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
概括
芬兰老年干预研究以预防认知障碍和残疾 (FINGER) 表明,为期2年的多领域生活方式干预有益于高危老年人的认知和生活方式. 高坚持导致持续的长期认知和生活方式的改善.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 芬兰老年干预研究以预防认知障碍和残疾 (FINGER) 证明了为期2年的多领域生活方式干预对高危老年人认知功能产生积极影响.
- 参与干预活动和实现生活方式变化都与增强的认知改善相关.
研究的目的:
- 调查FINGER多领域生活方式干预在11年内对生活方式和认知功能的长期影响.
- 评估生活方式变化和干预坚持对老年人认知轨迹的持续影响.
主要方法:
- 1,259名年龄在60-77岁之间有痴呆风险的人被随机分配到对照组 (定期健康咨询) 或干预组 (运动,饮食,认知训练,血管风险管理) 进行2年.
- 使用复合指数测量生活方式;通过神经心理测试电池评估认知能力. 参与者按干预参与度 (低,中等,高) 分类.
- 在基线后大约5,7年和11年进行了后续访问,以评估持续的影响.
主要成果:
- 干预对生活方式的积极影响持续至基线后7年.
- 与对照组相比,在整个11年期间,高程度的干预与更好地维持生活方式和认知轨迹有关.
- 与控制组相比,高干预参与度的个体在7年内表现出明显更好的认知轨迹,与低干预参与度的个体相比,在11年内表现出明显更好的认知轨迹.
结论:
- 两年的多领域生活方式干预可以对生活方式和认知产生有益的影响,并在干预后的几年内延伸.
- 持续的益处尤其明显在那些坚持干预计划的参与者身上.
- 这些发现支持对有认知衰退风险的老年人进行更广泛的预防性生活方式干预措施.
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