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Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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公共卫生 公共卫生

Chunyan Li1, Jiafeng Wang1, Ziwei Chen1

  • 1Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.

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概括

战略性白质超强度 (WMH) 位置,特别是在皮质脊髓管 (CST) 和前丘脑辐射 (ATR) 中,与认知能力下降有关. 特定于管道的WMH分析对于理解认知表型至关重要.

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科学领域:

  • 神经成像是一种神经成像.
  • 神经学 神经学
  • 认知科学 认知科学

背景情况:

  • 白质超强度 (WMH) 位置显著影响认知功能.
  • 识别特定的WMH位置是理解认知衰退和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 亚型的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 识别与认知连续体相关的战略性WMH位置.
  • 调查WMH与轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 亚型的关联.

主要方法:

  • 使用MIND-中国MRI副研究数据 (2018-2020) 的基于人口的研究.
  • 通过神经心理测试评估认知功能;痴呆症,MCI和主观认知衰退 (SCD) 根据国际标准定义.
  • 使用损伤预测算法量化特定于通道的WMH体积;用多项逻辑回归分析.

主要成果:

  • 包括1253名参与者 (年龄≥60岁);28名痴呆症,286名MCI,270名SCD.
  • 在周周结膜/深白质中普遍存在的WMH;双边前丘脑辐射 (ATR) 显示了最高的体积.
  • 皮质脊髓管 (CST) 和ATR中的WMH与认知障碍阶段相关;与痴呆症,MCI,SCD和MCI亚型 (记忆障碍/非记忆障碍) 相关的特定通道.
  • APOE ε4等位基因相互作用显示,WMH在左ATR,右CST和子小与MCI仅在非载体中相关.

结论:

  • 皮质脊髓管 (CST) 和前丘脑辐射 (ATR) 是WMH与认知障碍有很强的关联的关键位置.
  • 特定于管道的WMH分析对于理解整个认知连续的认知表型至关重要.