公共卫生 公共卫生
Cellas A Hayes1, Lubnaa B Abdullah2, Joshua L Gills3
1Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
概括
黑人面临更高的痴呆风险,高血压和糖尿病不成比例地影响他们的认知表现. 解决这些血管因素可以显著改善这一群体的认知衰老结果.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 与非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 相比,黑人个体患痴呆症的风险更高,可能与血管风险因素增加有关.
- 这项研究调查了种族和心脏代谢条件对认知功能的影响.
研究的目的:
- 检查种族和心脏代谢风险因素对认知表现的独立和相互作用影响.
- 估计假设干预措施的风险因素消除对认知结果的人口水平影响,按种族分层.
主要方法:
- 分析了1098名NHW和616名黑人参与"健康与衰老大脑研究:健康差异"的数据.
- 多变量回归模型评估了四个认知领域的种族和心脏代谢风险因素 (糖尿病,高血压) 之间的相互作用.
- 人口干预措施在假设的风险因素消除下估计了认知结果的改善,类似于人口归因分数计算.
主要成果:
- 黑人参与者患糖尿病 (26.3%) 和高血压 (80.4%) 的患病率高于NHW (13.5%和58.7%,p < 0.001).
- 黑人参与者在所有认知领域的得分始终较低 (-0.34到-0.57分,p<0.001).
- 假设消除高血压和糖尿病显示,与NHW相比,黑人参与者的认知表现得到了更大的改善,特别是在执行功能和语言方面.
结论:
- 高血压和糖尿病不成比例地影响黑人个体的认知结果.
- 这些疾病在黑人群体中更高的患病率是观察到的认知衰老差异的关键因素.
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