公共卫生 公共卫生
Lauren Bojarski1,2, Cassity High3, Christopher J McLouth1,4
1University of Kentucky College of Medicine Department of Neurology, Lexington, KY, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
概括
农村的老年人面临着更高的认知衰退风险. 不同的分类系统显示出不同的预测能力来识别这些风险人群,影响痴呆症研究.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 农村地区的老年人患有认知障碍和痴呆症的风险增加,原因包括医疗保健的限制和社会经济挑战.
- 农村分类被NIH认可为代表性不足群体 (URG) 状态的指标,但缺乏标准化的研究定义.
- 对认知衰退和分类系统的现有风险因素进行了比较,以分析农村人口中的URG状态.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较各种农村和社会经济分类系统的有效性,以识别面临认知障碍和痴呆风险的人群.
- 分析不同劣势分类与认知障碍在老年人队列中的患病率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 来自肯塔基大学阿尔茨海默氏病研究中心队列的790名参与者的横截面分析.
- 使用健康资源和服务管理局 (HRSA),医疗服务不足地区/卫生专业人员短缺地区 (MUA/HPSA),地区贫困指数 (ADI) 和农村-城市连续代码 (RUCC) 分类.
- 检查了参与者的人口统计数据,ApoE4状态和15种与认知障碍患病率和相对风险相关的医疗状况.
主要成果:
- 卫生资源和服务管理局 (HRSA) 农村,MUA/HPSA和ADI国家百分位数 (≥70%) 与较高的认知障碍相对风险 (RR~1.2) 和附加风险 (2.3-3.6) 相关.
- 区域贫困指数 (ADI) 国家分数 (≥7th) 和农村城市连续代码 (RUCC) (≥4) 并没有预测认知障碍和痴呆症的医疗风险增加 (RR<1.0).
- 诸如心血管疾病,糖尿病和抑郁症等各种疾病的风险在各个分类中分布变化.
结论:
- 对弱势群体的不同分类系统为认知障碍和痴呆症产生了不同的风险概况.
- 准确地理解和应用农村和弱势分类对于在认知衰退和痴呆症研究中识别高风险的URG人群至关重要.
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