解码血管衰老:基质刚性和剪切应力通过机械敏感通路协调内皮炎症和重塑
Austin Lai1, Ying Zhou2, Chanly Chheang2
1Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Biomaterials
|December 23, 2025
概括
血管衰老会增加血管硬度,促进炎症和内皮功能障碍. 这项研究揭示了微流体模型中的生物力学力量如何推动这些变化,为与年龄有关的心血管疾病提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
- 细胞机械生物学 细胞机械生物学
背景情况:
- 血管衰老,以增加血管硬为特征,是心血管疾病的关键驱动因素.
- 将血管硬与内皮功能障碍和炎症联系在一起的机制尚未完全理解.
- 技术的局限性阻碍了对内皮细胞的生物力学力量的研究.
研究的目的:
- 使用体外微流体模型研究基质刚性和切割应力对内皮细胞行为之间的相互作用.
- 阐明基底内皮炎症和细胞外矩阵 (ECM) 改造的分子机制,以应对生物力学力量.
- 通过将其发现与人类大动脉组织进行比较来验证微流体模型.
主要方法:
- 使用微流体装置对内皮细胞施加受控的基质刚性和剪切应力.
- 进行RNA测序和功能测试以分析基因表达和细胞反应.
- 将体外模型与代表健康和老年血管的人类大动脉组织样本进行了基准测试.
主要成果:
- 在生理和高剪压条件下,内皮细胞对基质刚度的敏感性增加.
- 暴露于增加的刚性和高剪压导致显著的基因表达变化和增强的炎症通路激活.
- 观察到ICAM1,VCAM1,LAMB3和MMP28等基因的上调,与白细胞粘附和ECM重塑有关.
- 微流体模型与人类大动脉组织相比,显示出一致的分子和组织学变化.
结论:
- 生物力学力量,特别是基质刚性和剪切应力,在血管衰老期间推动内皮炎症和血管重塑方面发挥着关键作用.
- 经过验证的微流体平台为研究血管衰老机制提供了强大的工具.
- 这些发现提供了机制性见解和开发针对血管硬和与年龄有关的血管疾病的治疗策略的框架.
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