评估亚的斯亚贝巴公共交通中的空气传播感染风险和二次病例
Michael T Solomon1, Sumeya B Abdella1, Luca Stabile1
1Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, FR, Italy.
The Science of the total environment
|December 23, 2025
概括
亚的斯亚贝巴的公共交通带来了不同的SARS-CoV-2风险. 共享乘坐具有较高的个人风险,而中途巴士和轻轨交通 (AALRT) 由于占用和通风而产生更多的次要病例.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 空气传播感染,包括SARS-CoV-2,在共享环境中构成重大风险.
- 公共交通系统是关键基础设施,但可以促进疾病传播.
- 了解不同运输方式的传播动态对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估空气传播感染风险和估计亚的斯亚贝巴公共交通中的二次SARS-CoV-2病例.
- 为了比较不同模式的传播风险:共享乘坐,小型巴士,中途巴士和亚的斯亚贝巴轻轨交通 (AALRT).
- 确定影响传播的关键因素,如通风,占用率和乘客活动.
主要方法:
- 实时进行室内环境质量测量以确定空气交换率 (AER).
- 使用空中传染风险计算器 (AIRC) 计算了AER和各种乘客活动场景.
- 分析了不同公共交通模式的感染风险和二次病例发生情况.
主要成果:
- 感染风险因运输方式,通风,旅行时间和占用情况而异.
- 由于暴露时间较长,共享乘车的个体感染风险最高 (高达11.5%).
- 亚的斯亚贝巴轻轨交通 (AALRT) 产生了最多的次要病例 (1.9) 尽管个人风险低,由于高占用率和通风不良.
- 与单独呼吸相比,说话增加了所有模式的感染风险.
结论:
- 综合缓解策略对于减少公共交通中的SARS-CoV-2传播至关重要.
- 建议包括行为改变,改善通风和优化占用管理.
- 调查结果强调,需要针对不同公共交通环境量身定制的风险降低方法.
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