神经心理学中的大型语言模型:新兴应用和伦理考虑
Oscar R Kronenberger1, Michael C Gottlieb2, C Munro Cullum1,3,4
1Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
The Clinical neuropsychologist
|December 24, 2025
概括
人工智能,特别是大型语言模型 (LLM),为神经心理学提供了潜在的好处,包括数据分析和评估支持. 然而,伦理整合需要解决隐私,偏见和验证问题.
科学领域:
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是大型语言模型 (LLM) 和它们在医疗保健中的变革潜力,日益令人兴奋和担忧.
- 神经心理学家面临着将这些先进技术负责任地整合到临床实践中的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为LLMs在临床神经心理学中的道德,安全和有效整合提供面向未来的评论.
- 探索新兴应用,并分析神经心理评估中人工智能的关键伦理考虑.
主要方法:
- 在神经心理评估中对基于生成式变压器的LLM进行叙述性审查.
- 使用APA伦理原则和人工智能指导对医疗服务心理学进行伦理考虑的分析.
主要成果:
- 在数据提取,自动评分,差异诊断,治疗计划,测试项目开发和摘要生成方面,LLM表现有前途.
- 重要的障碍包括隐私风险,偏见,缺乏透明度,测试安全威胁和不足的验证.
结论:
- 神经心理学家应该积极塑造人工智能监管,并领导经验验证工作.
- 增加教育资源对于有效和道德的LLM整合到临床实践至关重要.
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