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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
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基础科学和病原发生学

Rebeca Carvalho Bom1, Leticia Fernanda Palma2, Karen Leticia Pulgatti3

  • 1Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil.

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此摘要是机器生成的。

APOE ε4载体状态影响健康老年人的认知能力,但身体活动 (PA) 没有显示出独立的关联. 需要进一步的研究来了解遗传学和生活方式对认知健康的相互作用.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 人口老龄化与认知能力下降和神经认知障碍风险增加有关.
  • 阿波利波蛋白E (APOE) ε4等位基因是阿尔茨海默病的重要遗传风险因素.
  • 身体活动 (PA) 被认为是维持认知功能的潜在非药物干预.

研究的目的:

  • 研究身体活动与认知表现在认知健康的老年人之间的关联.
  • 检查阿波利波蛋白E (APOE) 基因型对这种关联的影响.
  • 探索APOE状态,身体活动和老年人的认知功能之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 一项涉及83名认知健康的巴西老年人的横截面观察研究.
  • 参与者被基因定型为APOE ε4等位基因状态 (携带者与非携带者).
  • 使用阿登布鲁克认知检查修订 (ACE-R) 评估认知表现;统计分析包括ANCOVA.

主要成果:

  • APOE ε4 携带者表现出较低的认知表现,APOE 状态显著影响认知结果 (p=0.039).
  • 最初,在APOE ε4载体和非载体之间没有发现认知或社会人口统计学变量的统计学显著差异.
  • 在控制APOE状态 (p=0.644) 后,身体活动与全球认知没有独立相关.

结论:

  • APOE ε4载体状态显然会影响认知能力在认知不受损的老年人认知表现.
  • 在这个特定的样本中,体育活动与认知表现没有独立的关联.
  • 遗传因素,如APOE状态,可能会调节体育活动的认知益处,这需要进一步的纵向研究.