美国结肠直肠癌,1999-2021年:下降率,日益关注,以及持续的差异
Qais Bin Abdul Ghaffar1, Sayed Maisum Mehdi Naqvi1, Garrett Shields2
1Department of Medicine, Dow International Medical College, Karachi 75280, Pakistan.
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2025
概括
在美国,结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 发病率和死亡率有所下降,但死亡率与发病率 (AAMIR) 呈现持续差异. 需要针对男性,少数民族,年轻人和高负担地区进行有针对性的干预,以改善CRC结果.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 在过去的二十年里,美国结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 的发病率和死亡率有所下降.
- 跨年,性别,种族/种族和地理位置的CRC结果仍然存在显著差异.
研究的目的:
- 从1999年到2021年,研究年龄调整发病率 (AAIR),死亡率 (AAMR) 和CRC的死亡率与发病率 (AAMIR) 的趋势.
- 描述人口水平的生存信号,并根据主要的人口和地理子组分层的差异.
主要方法:
- 来自CDC WONDER美国癌症统计数据库 (1999-2021) 的非识别数据的回顾性分析.
- 包括20岁及以上的成年人中发生的CRC病例和死亡.
- 使用Stata 17.0计算年龄调整率和AAMIR,并使用结合点回归来确定趋势 (APC/AAPC,p <0.05).
主要成果:
- 总体来说,AAIR每年下降了2.20%,AAMR每年下降了2.33%.
- AAMIR显示每年0.08%的边际下降 (p=0.669),在女性中观察到显著下降,但男性没有.
- 年轻成年人 (20-39岁) 患病率和死亡率上升,但AAMIR有所改善. 非西班牙裔黑人个体的AAMIR最高.
结论:
- 尽管总体下降,但CRC发病率和死亡率趋势显示,各个子组的生存信号持续且不均.
- 死亡率与发病率 (AAMIR) 仅略有改善,并且仍然不均,突出了差异.
- 针对性干预,重点是为服务不足的人群 (男性,种族/少数民族,年轻人,高负担地区) 提供查和治疗机会,对于实现公平的CRC结果至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Cancer Prevention
7.6K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
7.6K
Tumor Progression
7.2K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.2K
Cancer Survival Analysis
626
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
626
Longitudinal Research
13.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
13.0K
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
6.1K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
6.1K
Prevalence and Incidence
1.5K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.5K


