加拿大前列腺癌趋势在PSA查指南的背景下变化
Anna N Wilkinson1, Larry F Ellison2, Shary X Zhang2
1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|December 24, 2025
概括
加拿大的前列腺癌查趋势显示,最初的发病率增加,随后下降. 尽管晚期病例的生存率有所改善,但由于更先进的诊断,整体净生存率下降.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 前列腺癌是加拿大男性最常被诊断的癌症,不包括非黑色素瘤皮肤癌.
- 前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA) 查在加拿大没有正式推,但是在机会性地进行,受美国实践的影响.
- 鉴于不断变化的查指南,了解前列腺癌发病率,死亡率和生存率的趋势至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析加拿大前列腺癌发病率,死亡率,阶段分布和净生存率的趋势.
- 评估不断发展的前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA) 查对这些结果的影响.
- 为未来前列腺癌查策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用加拿大癌症登记和生命统计死亡数据库用于病例和死亡数据 (1984-2022/2023).
- 雇员Joinpoint回归以确定发病率和死亡率趋势.
- 使用Pohar Perme估计器计算净生存率.
主要成果:
- 在50-74岁的男性中,前列腺癌发病率最初随着PSA查而上升,然后下降;在75岁以上的男性中,发病率下降
- 年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR) 降低,最显著的变化是在2012年之前观察到的.
- 从2010年到2017年,第四阶段前列腺癌发病率在各年龄组增加,尽管第四阶段的生存率有所改善,但所有阶段的净生存率略有下降.
结论:
- 加拿大前列腺癌的结果受到美国PSA查实践的影响.
- 观察到晚期诊断的增加,需要重新评估查策略.
- 有组织和周到的查方法可能有助于减少晚期前列腺癌的发生率.
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