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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
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可转移元素衍生的miR-28-5p和miR-708-5p:探索肺癌中的潜在作用

Sergiu Chira1, Cornelia Braicu1, Stefan Strilciuc1

  • 1Department of Genomics, Medfuture Institute for Biomedical Research, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

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概括

肺癌的表观遗传变化激活LINE-2元素,产生miR-28和miR-708. 这些微RNA向瘤抑制剂,可能通过改变甲基化模式推动肺癌的进展.

关键词:
肺癌是一种肺癌.标志着28号米尔-28号.这就是Mir-708-708的设计.可转移的元素可以转移.

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科学领域:

  • * 分子生物学和表观遗传学
  • * 癌症基因组学和生物信息学
  • *RNA生物学 *RNA生物学

背景情况:

  • *可转移元素 (TE) 通常在表观遗传上被沉默.
  • *恶性转变可能导致表观遗传变化,使得LINE-2 (L2) 等TEs能够产生功能性微RNA (miRNA).
  • *L2衍生的miRNAs,如miR-28和miR-708,与肺癌有关,但它们的失调机制尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • * 调查基因组背景在肺癌中L2衍生的miRNAs异常表达中的作用.
  • * 分析宿主基因对miR-28和miR-708.8的表达和甲基化状态.
  • * 确定这些失调的miRNAs在肺腺癌 (LUAD) 和肺状细胞癌 (LUSC) 中准的潜在瘤抑制基因.

主要方法:

  • *对TCGA肺癌数据集 (LUAD和LUSC) 的综合生物信息学分析.
  • *对miR-28和miR-708表达水平的评估.
  • * 评估其宿主基因,LPP和TENM4.4的表达和甲基化状态.
  • *识别潜在的瘤抑制基因标.

主要成果:

  • *内基L2衍生的miR-28和miR-708在LUAD和LUSC中显著上调.
  • *宿主基因TENM4在LUAD和LUSC表达增加,而LPP表达变化不那么明显.
  • *miRNA和宿主基因表达的失调可能与特定的基因组甲基化模式相关.
  • *预计miR-28和miR-708将准关键的瘤抑制基因.

结论:

  • *L2-miRNA基因组位点的异常甲基化可能导致肺癌中miRNA水平增加.
  • *高调的miR-28和miR-708通过向瘤抑制基因,可能有助于肺癌的发病.
  • *这些发现突显了TEs表观遗传改变对癌症发展的意义.