强迫中断训练后的青年足球发展:对青春期前球员的回顾性分析
Federico Abate Daga1, Italo Sannicandro2, Alice Tanturli3
1Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2025
概括
强制训练休息,就像COVID-19封锁一样,提高了年轻足球运动员的爆炸力和速度,但损害了他们的球处理技能. 适应能力增强了身体能力,但缺乏实践减少了技术技能.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 儿科运动生理学 运动生理学
- 青年运动员发展 青年运动员发展
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,有组织的体育运动出现了前所未有的干扰.
- 了解训练中断对年轻运动员的影响对于优化发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估强制性训练中断 (COVID-19封锁) 对青春期前足球运动员身体效率和技术技能的影响.
- 为了比较同一年代的足球运动员中断前后的表现.
主要方法:
- 追溯性,非干预性研究设计.
- 在锁定前和后的队列之间比较人体测量和运动性能测试 (站长跳,穿跑,穿飞,迷你库珀).
- 使用曼·惠特尼U测试进行统计分析 (p < 0.05显著程度).
主要成果:
- 在站立长跳 (+11.2%) 和穿运行 (+8.0%) 中观察到显著改善,表明增强的爆炸力和敏捷性-速度.
- 航天飞机滴滴表现显著下降 (-13.4%),这表明对技术敏捷技能产生了负面影响.
- 在Mini Cooper测试结果或身体质量指数 (BMI) 中没有显著差异.
结论:
- 自然适应能力和在中断期间修改训练可以提高年轻运动员的某些身体能力.
- 缺乏特定于背景的互动实践对足球所必需的技术敏捷性技能产生了负面影响.
- 教练应实施各种培训策略,重点关注动力技能和动态环境中的决策,以减轻培训中断的负面影响.
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