在患有自身免疫性风湿性疾病的患者中接种疫苗的覆盖范围和驱动因素:一项意大利多中心研究
Ilaria Anna Bellofatto1, Valentino Paci2, Fabrizio Conti3
1Critical Care Medicine Unit, Emergency Department, Ospedali Galliera, 16128 Genova, Italy.
Vaccines
|December 24, 2025
概括
在意大利,自身免疫性风湿性疾病患者的疫苗接种覆盖率很低. 提高疫苗接种率需要主动的医生参与,并解决缺乏报价和认识等障碍.
科学领域:
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
背景情况:
- 患有自身免疫性类风湿性疾病 (ARDs) 的患者因免疫问题和治疗而面临更高的感染风险.
- 疫苗接种对于预防ARD患者感染至关重要,但覆盖率仍然不够理想.
研究的目的:
- 评估疫苗接种覆盖率并确定意大利风湿性关节炎 (RA) 和全身性红斑狼 (SLE) 患者的障碍.
- 了解医疗保健提供者和患者因素在ARD患者疫苗接种决策中的作用.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心观察性研究,涉及325名接受免疫抑制治疗的成年RA和SLE患者.
- 标准化问卷收集了有关人口统计,疾病特征,疫苗接种情况 (流感,肺炎球菌,VZV,HBV,HPV) 和接种/不接种疫苗的理由的数据.
主要成果:
- 总体疫苗覆盖率为68.0%,根据疫苗类型和疾病 (RA与SLE) 有显著差异.
- 主要障碍包括没有提供疫苗接种 (42.5%),对疗效/安全的担忧 (18.3%),以及缺乏意识 (15.7%).
- 医生的建议对接种有很大影响,风湿病学家推动VZV疫苗接种,全科医生影响流感/HBV.
结论:
- 意大利ARD患者的疫苗接种率不足,凸显了预防感染的关键差距.
- 积极的医生参与,特别是提供疫苗和解决患者担忧是必不可少的.
- 需要有针对性的教育举措,以提高这一弱势群体的疫苗意识和接种率.
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