在以前接种过疫苗的固体器官移植接收者中,针对侵入性肺炎球菌病和乙型肝炎进行强剂疫苗接种,而没有血清保护
Julie Sejerøe-Olsen1, Moises Alberto Suarez-Zdunek1, Thomas Helbo1
1Viroimmunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Vaccines
|December 24, 2025
概括
复发疫苗在实体器官移植接受者中改善了对肺炎球菌病的保护,但B型肝炎并没有改善. 为了在这个弱势群体中制定最佳的疫苗策略,需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 移植医学 移植医学 移植医学
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
背景情况:
- 固体器官移植 (SOT) 接受者往往缺乏足够的保护对入侵性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 和乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 移植后,尽管移植前接种疫苗.
- 这项研究调查了在SOT接种者中,在初始移植前接种疫苗后没有达到血清保护后,增强疫苗的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 在SOT接种者中确定针对IPD和HBV的强剂疫苗接种后的血清保护率和抗体水平变化.
- 为了确定与这些强剂疫苗接种无反应相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及接受强剂疫苗的成年SOT接种者:IPD的23-valent肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗 (PPSV23) 和HBV的 Engerix-B®.
- 使用后勤回归模型来分析疫苗接种不反应的风险因素.
主要成果:
- 用PPSV23进行强剂疫苗接种导致IPD的血清保护率达到52%,肺炎球菌抗体度显著增加 (p < 0.001).
- 用Engerix-B®进行的强制性疫苗接种只能达到7.7%的抗HBV血清保护率.
- 移植前的IPD血清保护与IPD强剂疫苗接种无反应的可能性较低有关;没有发现HBV强剂无反应的风险因素.
结论:
- 补充疫苗在SOT接种者中有效地增强了针对IPD的血清保护,但对HBV的有效性有限.
- 最佳的疫苗接种策略需要对SOT接种者进行进一步的调查,以确保对疫苗可预防的疾病有充分的保护.
相关概念视频
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.8K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.8K
Kidney Transplant I: Introduction
304
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
304
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
801
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
801
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
467
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
467
Vaccinations
51.1K
Overview
51.1K
Tissue Transplantation
859
Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
859


