生物标志物 生物标志物
Daniel C Gibbs1, Ben Black1, Melissa Petersen2
1Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
概括
阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 神经成像显示生物标志物模式的种族差异,影响诊断准确性. -PET是关键的,但需要针对不同人群的量身定制方法.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人口健康 人口健康
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 影响着数以百万计的人,人口差异很大.
- 了解AD生物标志物的种族变异对于公平的诊断至关重要.
- 目前的神经成像研究需要解决人口特异性的差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究阿尔茨海默病的神经成像生物标志物的种族变异.
- 评估机器学习模型在区分跨种族群体认知障碍方面的表现.
- 确定关键的神经成像特征,预测不同人群的认知状态.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自非洲裔美国人,西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人群体的2,950名参与者的MRI,DTI和PET扫描数据.
- 使用支持矢量机 (SVM) 与夏普利增量扩展 (SHAP) 进行特征重要性评估.
- 在认知障碍 (CI) 和认知无障碍 (CU) 个人之间进行区分.
主要成果:
- 机器学习模型的性能因种族而异:西班牙裔 (99.04%AUC),NHW (82.19%) 和AA (75.44%).
- 在所有组中,PET-Tau 后带 SUVR 是一个一致的预测指标.
- 确定的特定种族的二次生物标志物包括R bankssts厚度 (AA),L isthmuscingulate厚度 (西班牙裔) 和AB FBB正面SUVR (NHW).
结论:
- 在阿尔茨海默病中,跨种族群体存在不同的神经成像生物标志物模式.
- -PET测量始终很重要,但生物标志物的敏感性因人群而异.
- 开发具有种族敏感性的诊断工具和对人口特异性AD表现的进一步研究至关重要.
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