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Updated: Jul 27, 2026

In vitro Cell Culture Model for Toxic Inhaled Chemical Testing
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人类呼吸道在芯片上的微生理系统用于模拟气毒性

Sean V Murphy1, Shiny A P Rajan1, Kevin Lindert1

  • 1Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA.

Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了一个人体呼吸道芯片模型,以研究急性气 (Cl2) 暴露. 这种先进的系统揭示了关键的分子和细胞反应,改善了毒素评估和对策开发.

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相关概念视频

The Respiratory System01:16

The Respiratory System

The respiratory system is comprised of the organs that enable breathing. Air enters the nostrils and mouth, followed by the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box), which lead to the trachea (windpipe). In the thoracic cavity, the trachea splits into two bronchi that allow air to enter the lungs. The bronchi split into progressively smaller bronchioles and terminate in small groups of tiny sacs in the lungs called alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
Overview of Respiratory System01:23

Overview of Respiratory System

The respiratory system is a complex biological apparatus that facilitates the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, between our bodies and the environment. This system plays a vital role in the physiological process of respiration, an essential function for sustaining life.
What is the Respiratory System?
The respiratory system consists of a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The primary function of the respiratory system is to...
Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers01:31

Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers

Chemical factors such as changing CO2, O2, and H+ levels in arterial blood play a critical role in influencing respiration depth and rates. These variations are detected by chemoreceptors—specialized sensors located in two primary body areas. Central chemoreceptors are found throughout the brain stem, including the ventrolateral medulla, while peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries.
CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated. Under...