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儿科移植患者的多分子免疫分析识别了与疫苗反应相关的细胞状态

Johannes Wedel^1,2,3,4, Ying Tang^4,5, Bayan Alsairafi^1,2

¹Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN

|December 24, 2025

概括

在针对SARS-CoV-2接种疫苗的儿科固体器官移植接受者 (SOT) 中,更高的非典型B细胞与完整的T细胞相关,但抗体反应受损. 接种后的T细胞反应可能表明有保护性免疫力.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
移植科学移植科学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

固体器官移植 (SOT) 后的免疫抑制会降低对病原体和疫苗的免疫力.
与SOT接种者的疫苗不响应相关的特定免疫细胞状态尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

确定与儿童SOT接种者对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的差异反应相关的疫苗接种前免疫细胞状态.
探索免疫细胞形状和疫苗反应 (抗体和T细胞激活) 之间的关系.

主要方法:

单细胞RNA测序,T细胞受体测序和飞行时间的细胞测量用于小儿SOT接受者和健康儿童的外周血液.
免疫细胞状态在疫苗接种前被分析,并与抗SARS-CoV-2抗体和疫苗接种后的CD4+T细胞反应相关联.

主要成果:

与对照组相比,SOT接受者表现出改变的CD8+和CD4+效应T细胞种群.
疫苗反应不同:正常,完整的T细胞/受损的抗体,或缺席的T细胞/抗体反应.
在SOT接受者中,非典型B细胞的更高频率与完整的T细胞相关,但抗体反应受损.
在仅T细胞反应者与非反应者中观察到较低的不成熟的γδT细胞.

结论:

儿科SOT接受者的非典型B细胞升高可能表明细胞完好但缺少免疫免疫力.
监测T细胞对抗原的反应可能是SOT接种者疫苗接种后保护性免疫力的充分指标.

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