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在早产和胎儿生长限制后的人类测量在童年和青春期
Achim Fieß1, Alica Hartmann1, Stephanie D Grabitz1
1Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|December 24, 2025
概括
过早出生和胎儿生长偏差显著影响儿童和青少年人类学. 妊娠年龄相对小 (SGA) 的出生与身高和体重的减少相关,而妊娠年龄相对大 (LGA) 的出生与身高和体重的增加有关.
科学领域:
- 儿科内分泌学和发育生物学.
- 人类生长和发展研究.
- 围产和新生儿研究.
背景情况:
- 关于不同程度的早产和胎儿生长偏差的长期人类学影响的数据有限.
- 了解这些影响对于优化儿童发育和健康结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同程度的早产和胎儿生长偏差 (对于妊娠年龄来说小 (SGA) 和对于妊娠年龄来说大 (LGA)) 和儿童和青少年的人类测量结果之间的关联.
- 分析妊娠年龄和出生体重类别对身高,体重,体重指数 (BMI) 和头周长的影响.
主要方法:
- 古登堡早产研究 (GPSY) 是一项具有前性评估的回顾性队列研究.
- 参与者 (4-17岁) 根据妊娠年龄和出生体重进行分类:严重SGA (<3百分比),中度SGA (3-<10),适合妊娠年龄 (AGA; 10th-90th),中度LGA (>90th-97th) 和严重LGA (>97th).
- 多变量回归模型被用来分析人类参数.
主要成果:
- 较低的妊娠年龄与所有年龄段的身高和头部周长的减少,以及儿童和青少年早期体重的降低有关.
- 对于妊娠年龄 (SGA) 的出生小,始终与更短的身高,更低的体重,在学龄儿童中较低的BMI和更小的头周长有关.
- 怀孕年龄大 (LGA) 的出生与学龄增加的身高和早期儿童和青少年的体重增加有关.
结论:
- 妊娠年龄和胎儿生长偏差显著影响整个童年和青春期的人类测量轨迹.
- 这些发现强调了针对早产婴儿和胎儿生长异常的婴儿进行量身定制的生长监测和早期干预的必要性.
- 优化长期健康需要解决与不同程度的早产和胎儿生长偏差相关的特定人体测量挑战.
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