生物标志物 生物标志物
Simonetta Falzoni1, Mario Tarantini1, Nelly Redolfi2
1University of Ferrara, FERRARA, Ferrara, Italy.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
概括
细胞外ATP (eATP) 在阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 中促进神经炎症. 在轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 中血分泌P2X7受体 (sP2X7R) 水平升高表明它可能是AD进展的早期生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 神经炎症是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的关键因素,由大脑中细胞外ATP (eATP) 的升高维持.
- P2X7受体 (P2X7R) 是eATP的受体,由免疫细胞表达,并激活NLRP3炎症体,释放炎症介质.
- 已经确定了P2X7R (sP2X7R) 的血分泌形式,并发现在炎症条件下升高.
研究的目的:
- 用新型发光探针测量AD小鼠模型大脑中的eATP水平.
- 研究AD小鼠大脑中P2X7R,NLRP3和炎症性细胞因子的表达.
- 为了确定人类血样本中的sP2X7R水平是否升高,这些样本来自轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和AD患者.
主要方法:
- 在AD小鼠模型中测量了细胞外ATP (eATP) 大脑水平,使用pmeLUC发光探针通过逆轨道鼻注射进行测量.
- 在皮层同质体中量化了P2X7R,NLRP3和炎症性细胞因子 (IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α) 的水平.
- 血sP2X7R度通过ELISA测量在健康对照组 (HC),MCI患者和AD患者中.
主要成果:
- 与年龄相匹配的对照小鼠相比,在AD小鼠的大脑中检测到显著更高的eATP水平,早在2个月大时就明显,在Aβ斑块沉积之前.
- 细胞因子概况表明,神经炎症伴随着AD的进展,并且在Aβ斑块沉积之前开始.
- 与HC受试者相比,MCI患者的sP2X7R度显著增加. 阿尔茨海默病患者的sP2X7R比对照组更高,但没有达到统计学意义.
结论:
- 这些发现强烈支持eATP对阿尔茨海默病中神经炎症的贡献.
- 血流体P2X7R (sP2X7R) 是一个有前途的生物标志物,可用于识别可能进展为痴呆症的认知障碍的早期阶段.
- 这项研究由治疗阿尔茨海默病基金资助.
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