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抗微生物暴露与随后的多发性硬化症风险之间的关联:系统性审查和元分析

Hassan K Salamatullah¹, Lamar AboAljadiel², Mumen H Halabi²

¹College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

|December 24, 2025

概括

抗生素暴露与患多发性硬化症 (MS) 的风险增加有关. 这种关联在高质量的数据和至少在多发性硬化症发病前四年暴露时更为明显,因此需要进一步调查.

科学领域:

神经免疫学神经免疫学
微生物组研究微生物组研究
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种自身免疫性中枢神经系统疾病,其原因尚不清楚.
肠道微生物组的破坏与MS的发病有关.
抗生素可能会显著改变微生物群,影响MS风险.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和元分析抗微生物药物暴露与多发性硬化风险之间的关系.
探索抗生素使用对发展MS的可能性的影响.

主要方法:

在2025年3月29日之前对四个数据库进行系统审查.
对MS发病前抗生素使用的比较研究的元分析.
采用通用逆方差方法,将调整后的赔率比率 (OR) 进行聚合.

主要成果:

分析了9份报告,其中有109,784名参与者 (23,960名多发性硬化患者).
抗生素暴露与增加MS几率 (OR=1.18) 有着显著的关联.
与高质量的注册数据 (OR=1.36) 和4年或更早的暴露 (OR=1.26) 保持显著的关联.
多种类型的抗微生物药物与MS风险的增加有关.

结论:

抗菌药物暴露,特别是来自高质量的数据和≥4年前MS,与较高的MS发病率显著相关.
需要进一步的纵向前性研究来证实抗生素是最终的MS风险因素.

关键词:

抗生素抗生素是一种抗生素.抗微生物药物抗微生物药物感染感染感染多发性硬化症是多发性硬化症.风险风险风险风险风险

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