生物标志物 生物标志物
Jan Muntel1,2, Aida Kamalian3, Polina Shichkova1
1Biognosys AG, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
概括
这项研究确定了用于早期阿尔茨海默病检测的新型血生物标志物,先于认知衰退和粉样蛋白转化. 这些发现为当前的诊断方法提供了一个不那么侵入性的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 生物标志物发现发现
背景情况:
- 衰老是阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 的主要危险因素,但从健康到病态衰老的过渡不清楚.
- 早期发现AD至关重要,需要在认知症状或粉样蛋白转化之前检测到的生物标志物.
- 由于其可访问性和非侵入性,等离子体是生物标志物发现的理想矩阵.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种基于质谱 (MS) 的新型蛋白质组学工作流程,用于在血中发现无偏的生物标志物.
- 识别与认知衰退和阿尔茨海默病进展相关的早期分子变化.
- 发现血基生物标志物,这些生物标志物先于粉样蛋白转化和临床症状.
主要方法:
- 从BIOCARD队列中选择的参与者,根据10年的CSF Aβ42 / Aβ40比率将55个分类为粉样蛋白转化剂和55个匹配的非转化剂.
- 分析了578个血样本,使用一种基于MS的新型蛋白质组学工作流 (Biognosys P2) 涉及预处理,消化和定量质谱.
- 收集的纵向数据包括认知评估,临床生物标志物和MRI扫描.
主要成果:
- 质谱学揭示了与认知衰退和过渡到轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 相关的蛋白质和变化.
- 确定了关键的生物途径,包括脂质代谢,细胞外矩阵重塑,轴突生成和突触活动.
- 发现了在粉样蛋白转化和认知衰退之前存在的基于血的特征,在临床转化之前可以检测到.
结论:
- 一种综合方法将AD的分子变化与临床表型联系起来.
- 血衍生生物标志物为AD诊断提供了脑脊液 (CSF) 采集的不那么侵入性的替代方案.
- 这项研究强调了血蛋白质组学在早期AD检测和了解疾病机制方面的潜力.
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