临床表现 临床表现
Y Catherine Han1, Cindy J Nowinski1, Elizabeth M Dworak1
1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
概括
来自NIH移动工具箱 (MTB) 执行功能 (EF) 措施的新得分显示,跟踪与年龄相关的认知变化是有前途的. 这些扩展的EF评估对于在临床和药物研究中使用是有效和可靠的.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 包含多个组成部分 (例如,注意力,抑制控制),可以通过阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (AD/ADRD) 产生不同影响.
- 早期识别特定的EF缺陷可以表明认知障碍,提供有关病因和疾病进展的见解.
- 美国国立卫生院移动工具箱 (MTB) 提供简短,敏感和用户友好的基于智能手机的认知评估,改编自NIH Toolbox® (NIHTB).
研究的目的:
- 调查从MTB EF措施 (箭头匹配,形状-颜色分类) 的二次得分 (预测错误,错误率,中位响应时间),以进行更全面的认知评估.
- 扩展MTB EF措施的现有基于速率的得分 (每次正确响应).
- 评估这些扩展得分的有效性和可靠性,以评估整个生命周期的认知功能.
主要方法:
- 第1项研究 (n=92) 涉及在iOS智能手机上进行MTB和iPad上进行NIHTB的个人管理,以及融合和分离的有效性测量.
- 第二项研究 (n=1021) 涉及在14天内在参与者的智能手机上亲自NIHTB和远程MTB管理.
- 参与者完成了包括D-KEFS,WCST,PPVT-5和NIHTB PV在内的外部测量,以评估收和分歧有效性.
主要成果:
- 所有新的得分都显示出与年龄的显著关系,老年人表现出更多的错误和更慢的响应时间.
- 大多数新得分显示与并发措施有显著的相关性,支持趋同有效性 (绝对值 ρ = [.13,.77]).
- 评分表现出强大的内部可靠性 (分半相关性),形状颜色排序中位数为0.94和箭头匹配中位数为0.98.
结论:
- 来自MTB EF测量的扩展得分是有效的,并显示出临床和制药研究的潜力,特别是在与年龄相关的认知衰退方面.
- 这些增强得分可能对跟踪老龄人口的认知变化有价值.
- 进一步的临床验证正在进行中,包括对患有认知障碍或AD/ADRD或被诊断患有认知障碍或认知障碍风险人群的研究.
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