[打破"冰山现象":基于社区的传染病监测进展]
1Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Shanghai Academy of Preventive Medicine), Shanghai 201107, China.
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
|December 24, 2025
概括
基于社区的监测 (CBS) 通过将网络扩展到社区来加强传染病的检测. 这种方法打击了报告偏见,并改善了早期预警系统,以改善公共卫生.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病
背景情况:
- 传统的医院监测受限于寻求医疗保健的行为和报告偏见,未能捕捉到传染病的全部范围.
- 传染病中的"冰山现象"是指由于未被检测到的轻度或无症状病例,低估了真正的流行率.
- 加快的全球化和新出现的传染病需要更敏感和更有效的监测系统.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查全球进展,应用场景和社区监控 (CBS) 的技术框架.
- 为构建先进的多维传染病监测系统提供理论基础.
- 突出CBS在改善传染病早期预警和控制方面的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对基于社区的监视的全球文献进行系统审查.
- 分析CBS的应用场景和技术框架.
- 综合发现,为开发综合监控策略提供信息.
主要成果:
- 基于社区的监测 (CBS) 有效地识别了未访问的病例和轻度感染,解决了传统方法的局限性.
- 美国中央电视台将监控网络扩展到社区,提供一种克服"冰山现象"的重要方法.
- 该审查提供了CBS的全面概述,支持其在加强传染病监测方面的作用.
结论:
- 基于社区的监测 (CBS) 对于提高传染病监测系统的敏感性和效率至关重要.
- 技术创新,社区赋权和多源数据集成是推动CBS发展的关键.
- 增强的CBS应用可以显著改善疾病早期预警,负担估计和卫生政策制定.
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