临床表现 临床表现
Natalia Docteur1,2, S Benjamin Peckham1,2, Hayley Huston1,2
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
概括
注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 与认知能力下降有关. 患有多动症的成年人白质完整性 (WMI) 损害与执行功能有关,这表明患有痴呆症的风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种已知的认知衰退和痴呆症的风险因素.
- 关联ADHD与痴呆风险的潜在机制尚不清楚.
- 在ADHD中,白质完整性 (WMI) 受到损害,可能增加对神经退行过程的脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究WMI和ADHD成年人的认知表现之间的关系.
- 确定ADHD中WMI缺陷是否与认知衰老和痴呆风险有关.
- 考虑年龄对WMI和ADHD认知评估的影响.
主要方法:
- 对40岁以上的成年人进行了横截面观察性研究,证实了ADHD诊断.
- 使用扩散权重成像计算全脑分数异构 (FA) 作为WMI的度量.
- 评估认知功能,包括执行功能,处理速度和记忆回忆,分析与FA的关系,同时控制年龄.
主要成果:
- 在患有多动症的成年人中,在几个白质区域中,在FA和执行功能之间发现了显著的积极关联,即使考虑到年龄.
- 显示这种关联的特定通道包括环膜,前脑膜辐射和大脑体.
- 在FA和处理速度,即时召回或延迟召回之间没有观察到显著的关系.
结论:
- 支持执行功能的通道中WMI受损可能会增加ADHD患者痴呆风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索神经生物学和生活方式因素与ADHD中WMI缺陷相互作用.
- 识别受损的WMI作为ADHD认知衰老的贡献者,可以实现有针对性的预防性干预.
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