临床表现 临床表现
Gauri Mullerpattan1, Vidhya R1, Abhishek Mensegere Lingegodwa1
1Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 24, 2025
概括
印度的认知衰老随着年龄的增长而下降,社会经济地位显著影响表现. 高等教育和收入与更好的认知功能相关,突出了针对性干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 老年学和认知神经科学
- 公共卫生和流行病学
背景情况:
- 认知衰老研究主要来自高收入国家,南亚的数据有限,特别是印度,这个地区的老年人口迅速增长.
- 印度不同的社会文化和经济因素需要了解它们对老年人认知表现的影响.
- 这项研究通过检查年龄,性别,教育,职业和收入作为健康印度老年人认知功能的决定因素来解决这一差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查年龄,性别,社会经济地位 (SES),教育,职业和收入对印度健康老年人的认知功能的影响.
- 为印度老龄化人口的认知健康制定文化相关干预措施提供见解.
主要方法:
- 来自塔塔长度老化研究 (TLSA) 队列的1626名45岁以上健康成年人的横截面样本的分析.
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 用库普斯瓦米社会经济规模 (修订) 确定,综合教育,职业和收入.
- 用ACE III和COGNITO神经心理电池评估认知功能,并使用曼-惠特尼U测试进行组对比.
主要成果:
- 在全球认知,记忆,流性,视觉空间技能和执行功能方面观察到与年龄相关的显著下降,老年人反应时间较慢.
- 性别差异显示,男性在视觉空间任务和注意力方面表现出色,而女性在记忆回忆和口头/类别流利方面表现出优势;女性反应时间也较慢.
- 更高的SES,教育和专业职业与跨领域的更好的认知表现密切相关,包括全球认知,记忆,流性和处理速度.
结论:
- 社会经济差异显著影响印度老年人的认知功能,较高的SES与更好的认知结果有关.
- 这些发现强调了针对特定区域的干预措施的关键需求,这些干预措施应对社会经济因素,以促进健康的认知衰老.
- 将社会经济方面的考虑纳入全球公共卫生政策,对于公平的老龄化和认知健康至关重要.
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