临床表现 临床表现
Gayathiri Rajkumar1, Marc A Khoury2, Mila Valcic2
1Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
在患有阿尔茨海默氏症的男性和女性中,APOE4同性增加了精神病风险,特别是幻觉. 这些发现突显了APOE4基因对精神病症状的性别特异性影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 阿波利波蛋白E4 (APOE4) 基因是已知的阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 的遗传风险因素.
- 以前的研究表明,同卵性APOE4状态,特别是在患有Lewy体 (LB) 病理的女性中,与精神病风险增加有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查APOE4载体状态 (同卵性,异卵性,非载体) 和性别对阿尔茨海默病患者视觉幻觉,听觉幻觉和妄想风险的影响.
- 为了确定女性特异性效应是否在视觉幻觉中更明显,可能作为下腰椎病理的标志物.
主要方法:
- 数据是从NACC数据库中提取的,仅限于患有阿尔茨海默氏症诊断的患者.
- 精神病症状 (幻觉和妄想) 使用神经精神病学库存子分数进行评估.
- 对男性和女性进行单独的二进制后勤回归分析,对年龄,教育,MoCA和MMSE得分进行控制.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,APOE4同胞体的听觉幻觉和妄想的可能性高于异胞体和非载体体.
- 与非携带者相比,女性APOE4同位素具有更高的幻觉可能性.
- 与异构体相比,男性APOE4同异构体呈现的整体和视觉/听觉幻觉增加,但非携带者并非如此.
结论:
- APOE4同胞性在男性 (vs.异胞体) 和女性 (vs.非载体) 中增加精神病风险,主要影响幻觉.
- 综合分析表明,APOE4对不同性别的妄想和听觉幻觉的影响.
- 对于幻觉而不是妄想,APOE4的性别特异性影响可能更为显著,因此需要在更大的队列中进一步调查.
相关概念视频
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
520
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
520
01:30Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations
299
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
299
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
364
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
364
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
436
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
436
01:29Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management
652
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
652
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
437
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
437