临床表现 临床表现
Apurva Mittal1, Kavya K Kumar1, Jyothi M S Gowda1
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
在认知障碍或没有认知障碍的老年人中,多语言和语言能力显著不同. 这些因素可能会在轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆症患者中独特地影响认知功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 汇聚的证据表明,多语言可能会增强认知储备,并防止阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆症 (AD).
- 然而,现有横截面和纵向研究的结果仍然不一致.
- 本研究调查了基于多语言 (ML) 和语言能力 (LP) 的AD,轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和健康老年人 (HE) 的认知性能差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查HE,MCI和AD群体的认知表现变化.
- 确定多语言 (ML) 和语言能力 (LP) 在这些群体中是否会对认知表现产生不同的影响.
- 探索老龄人口中语言背景和认知健康之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了NIH/NIA资助的R01项目 (1R01AG060610) 的数据.
- 根据所知的语言数量 (>=3 vs. <3) 和口语,阅读和写作中的LP (>=3 vs. <3) 来评估ML.
- 采用多变量分析来比较诊断组 (HE,MCI,AD) 的认知指标 (例如,延迟回忆,设计构建,流利性),控制MCI和AD的临床痴呆评分 (CDR).
主要成果:
- 在HE,MCI和AD组中观察到ML和LP的显著差异 (p<0.05).
- 在MCI (p=0.08) 中发现了对ML效应的趋势,在设计构造方面存在显著差异 (p=0.004).
- 说话中的LP显著影响了MCI (p=0.02) 和AD (p=0.04) 在特定的认知领域的表现,如设计构建和单词列表回忆.
结论:
- 多语言和口语/阅读能力与老年人的认知状态有显著的关联.
- ML和LP似乎在患有MCI和AD的个体中差异调节认知领域.
- 在认知衰老和痴呆症研究的背景下,语言背景是需要考虑的关键因素.
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