生物标志物 生物标志物
Fei Wu1,2, Caroline Dallaire-Théroux1, Élodie Michaud1
1Laval University Medical School, Québec, QC, Canada.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
视网膜成像生物标志物,如光学连贯性断层扫描 (OCT),显示出诊断神经退行性疾病的前景. 特定的视网膜指标与大脑变化相关,可能有助于早期发现阿尔茨海默病.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 共同的胚胎起源将视网膜和大脑组织联系起来,使它们易受类似的神经退行性疾病模式的影响.
- 非侵入性视网膜成像,光学一致性断层扫描 (OCT) 和OCT-血管扫描 (OCT-A) 正被探索为潜在的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 生物标志物.
- 跨越各种神经退行性疾病的CT/OCT-A发现和神经成像 (MRI) 之间的相关性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析OCT/OCT-A参数与神经退行性疾病中的MRI发现之间的相关性.
- 为了确定特定的视网膜生物标志物,表明与认知衰退相关的条件中的大脑变化.
主要方法:
- 从2023年1月到6月,在Medline,Embase和其他数据库进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 关键词与OCT/OCT-A参数结合的神经退行性疾病.
- 选了2962个引文,审查了93篇全文文章,导致包括28项研究.
主要成果:
- 对于非血管性神经退行性疾病,特定层的视网膜指标 (例如,视网膜神经纤维层稀薄) 和特定区域的参数 (例如,骨厚度) 与大脑MRI变化相关.
- 血管视网膜生物标志物 (例如,减少血管/ perfusion 密度) 独特地反映了血管认知障碍中的脑血管病变.
- 这两种视网膜生物标志物类型都可能表明全球大脑缩;微观结构性大脑变化与视网膜神经纤维层稀薄相关.
结论:
- 层/区域特定的视网膜标记物适用于非血管性痴呆症,而血管标记物更好地反映血管神经退行.
- 退行机制之间的方法异质性和复杂的相互作用对未来的研究提出了挑战.
- 了解视网膜-大脑损伤关联可以使视网膜生物标志物的临床使用用于早期神经退行性疾病诊断.
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