临床表现 临床表现
Miguel Arce Renteria1, Iris Strangmann2, Yingxu Liu3
1Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
通过早期的第二语言学习,高水平和日常使用来定义的活跃多语言学与老年人更好的认知功能有关. 这表明多语言可能会建立认知储备,可能会延迟认知衰老.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
- 语言学研究语言学研究
背景情况:
- 多语种主义的认知益处受到辩论,说者之间有不同的语言特征.
- 诸如第二语言学习年龄 (AoA),熟练程度和使用频率等因素是关键因素.
- 了解这些特定的多语言特征对于认知衰老研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查"积极"的多语言 (早期的AoA,高水平,日常使用) 是否提高认知和神经成像结果.
- 为了在多元化的老年印度人口中比较活跃的多语种与"被动"的多语种.
- 探索特定的多语言特征与认知表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自印度长度衰老研究 - 痴呆症诊断评估 (LASI-DAD) 的492名多语言老年人的数据.
- 根据AoA,熟练程度和语言使用,将参与者分为主动,被动和混合的多语言群体.
- 评估认知领域 (执行功能,语言,记忆) 并利用MRI扫描进行亚样本.
主要成果:
- 与被动的多语言者相比,积极的多语言者表现出更好的执行功能和语言表现.
- 一个高度熟练的多语种子组也表现出更好的执行功能.
- 在记忆,灰质体积或皮质厚度方面没有发现任何显著的群体差异.
结论:
- 积极的多语言与印度老年人的认知功能增强有关.
- 积极的多语言主义可能有助于认知储备,由改变的大脑认知关联表明.
- 需要使用更大的神经成像样本进行进一步的纵向研究,以确认这些大脑认知关系.
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