与罗马尼亚社会经济和环境指标相关的结核病发病率的地理空间分析
Jenna Zabroski1, Daniel Peptenatu2,3,4, Beatrice Mahler5,6
1Cancer Epidemiology Education in Special Populations (CEESP), New York, NY, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|December 25, 2025
概括
罗马尼亚的结核病发病率在空间上是集群的,与更高的颗粒物 (PM2.5) 暴露和更差的生活条件有关. 需要有针对性的干预措施来解决这些环境和社会经济因素,以更好地控制结核病.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 空间流行病学 空间流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 是全球卫生面临的重大挑战,罗马尼亚的发病率很高.
- 罗马尼亚的结核病分布以空间集群为特征,这表明了环境和社会经济驱动因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查2015年至2021年罗马尼亚结核病发病率的空间模式.
- 检查结核病发病率与颗粒物 (PM2.5) 水平,生活条件和教育指标之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 分析罗马尼亚3,181个行政单位 (2015-2021) 的结核病发病率数据.
- 使用了皮尔森相关性,生活条件指数 (PCA1) 的主要组件分析 (PCA),多变摩兰I和空间滞后回归模型.
- 评估了与PM2.5,PCA1和文盲率的关联.
主要成果:
- 罗马尼亚的结核病发病率呈现出显著的空间聚类.
- 较高的PM2.5水平 (r=0.261) 和生活条件恶化 (PCA1,r=0.338) 与增加的结核病发病率有关.
- 空间滞后模型表明显著的空间自相关性 (Rho=0.436),解释了结核病发病率变化的28.4%.
结论:
- 这项研究是罗马尼亚首次进行的地理空间分析,将结核病发病率与空气污染,生活条件和教育联系起来.
- 增加对空气污染的暴露和更差的生活条件与较高的结核病发病率相关.
- 推针对地理位置的干预措施,以有效控制和查罗马尼亚的结核病.
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