对儿童有氧运动和执行功能之间剂量反应关系的元分析
Yanhua Wang1, Qi Wang2, Min Yang2
1Department of PE, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China.
Frontiers in public health
|December 25, 2025
概括
有氧运动对儿童的执行功能有积极的影响. 短暂的运动 (不到30分钟) 是最有效的改善抑制控制,工作记忆和认知灵活性在6-8岁的孩子.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 现有的关于执行功能和运动的研究往往忽略了典型的发育儿童.
- 在了解儿童发育期间的炼-执行功能关系方面存在差距.
- 这一元分析解决了为儿童运动提供基于证据的指导方针的需求.
研究的目的:
- 在典型发育的儿童中,对有氧运动和执行功能之间的剂量反应关系进行元分析.
- 为儿童群体的运动处方和转化研究提供基于证据的框架.
- 综合了有关有氧运动和执行功能的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的研究结果.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science等) 进行全面的文献搜索. 在2024年12月之前.
- 包括19个涉及18650名儿童的RCT,其质量通过ROB 2工具进行评估.
- 使用RevMan 5.4和Stata 16进行数据分析,并使用GRADE工具进行证据质量评估.
主要成果:
- 有氧运动干预显示了执行功能的以下标准化平均差异 (SMD):抑制控制 (SMD=0.06,95% CI [-0.09, -0.03]),工作记忆 (SMD=-0.01,95% CI [-0.04, -0.02]) 和认知灵活性 (SMD=-0.02,95% CI [-0.01, -0.05]).
- 在GRADE评估中,所有三个执行职能指标的证据质量均被评为中等.
- 具体的发现表明运动对不同执行功能组件的微妙影响.
结论:
- 一次30分钟以下的急性有氧运动会显著改善6至8岁儿童的执行功能.
- 这一发现为运动持续时间提供了有针对性的建议,以提高幼儿时期的认知能力.
- 进一步的研究可以建立在这些结果的基础上,以优化运动干预措施.
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