从防御到功能障碍:解读败血症发病过程中的紧急粒列形成悖论
Xiaojing Wu1, Shuai Liu1, Wenhan Hu1
1Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Research (Washington, D.C.)
|December 25, 2025
概括
败血症引发紧急颗粒形成,产生不成熟的中性粒细胞,使器官损伤恶化. 了解这种从防御转向功能障碍的转变是开发有针对性的败血症疗法和改善患者治疗结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 败血症涉及到不调节的宿主反应,导致器官功能障碍.
- 之前的审查往往忽视了中性粒细胞异质性和功能相互作用.
- 需要一个统一的框架来解释在败血症中从保护性防御过渡到有害功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个以紧急颗粒构成为中心的框架,以解释败血症引起的中性粒细胞功能障碍.
- 整合单细胞多组学,骨髓重塑和临床生物标志物.
- 为了澄清保护性免疫反应如何在败血症中变得不适应.
主要方法:
- 复习和综合单细胞多组体的发现.
- 在败血症中骨髓重塑的分析.
- 床边生物标志物的整合,如不成熟与总中性粒细胞的比率和败血症内型.
主要成果:
- 紧急颗粒形成迅速增加中性粒细胞,但产生不成熟的子集,功能受损.
- 未成熟的中性粒细胞表现出过度的中性粒细胞外细胞陷形成 (NETosis),反应性氧物种的产生和免疫抑制活性.
- 升高的不成熟与总中性粒细胞的比率与败血症的严重程度和死亡率相关.
结论:
- 紧急颗粒形成,虽然最初是保护性的,但在败血症中变得不适应,导致器官损伤和免疫.
- 不成熟的中性粒细胞子集和高的不成熟与总中性粒细胞的比率可以指导临床分层.
- 调节NETosis的向治疗策略,代谢重编程和表观遗传学对恢复败血症中性粒细胞平衡有希望.
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