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临床表现 临床表现

Matthew S Welhaf1,2, Andrew J Aschenbrenner1,2, John C Morris1,2

  • 1Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

早期阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 损害了基于兴奋的持续注意力,在兴奋和执行功能中出现缺陷. 在执行任务期间,在早期的AD中,心灵流浪增加,突出显示复杂的注意力变化.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 老年学是指老年学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 注意力缺陷是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 认知衰退的早期指标.
  • 持续的注意力,对日常活动至关重要,与响应抑制相比,在AD没有研究过.
  • 目前尚不清楚与AD相关的注意力缺陷是否源于执行控制的失败或兴奋的减少.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究阿尔茨海默氏症早期的持续注意力差异.
  • 区分基于执行和基于兴奋的持续注意力缺陷.
  • 探索心灵漫游在与AD相关的注意力变化中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 在年轻的成年人,认知正常的老年人和患有非常轻微的AD的老年人中比较了持续的注意力.
  • 利用持续关注响应任务 (SART) 进行基于执行的注意力和基于唤醒的注意力进行心理运动警觉任务 (PVT).
  • 通过响应时间的变化,失误和思维流浪率来评估持续的注意力.

主要成果:

  • 与年轻人相比,患有非常轻微的AD的老年人在SART和PVT上表现更差.
  • 认知上正常的老年人与非常轻度的AD患者之间的显著差异仅在PVT (基于兴奋) 中发现.
  • 与认知正常的老年人相比,在SART (基于执行) 期间,患有非常轻微的AD的老年人报告说,他们的思想在SART (基于执行) 期间更加漂泊.

结论:

  • 非常早期的阿尔茨海默氏症会影响基于兴奋的持续注意力.
  • 在阿尔茨海默症的早期阶段,在基于执行的注意力任务中,心灵的流浪是很高的.
  • 在AD早期持续的注意力缺陷涉及兴奋和执行组件,根据测量表现不同.