临床表现 临床表现
Kang-Chen Fan1, Yi-Fang Chuang2
1National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
命名能力下降与老年人的认知变化和大脑缩有关. 这些发现支持开发基于语言的工具,用于在普通话说者中早期发现痴呆症.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 语言障碍是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的早期标志物.
- 人工智能和深度学习为痴呆症检测提供了新的工具,但痴呆症中语言的神经基础尚未得到充分探索,特别是在普通话说者中.
- 这项研究调查了普通话语系群体中语言,衰老和痴呆症之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 探索老化和痴呆症中语言生产的神经支柱.
- 为了确定早期痴呆症检测的基于语言的生物标志物.
- 在普通话人口中检查与痴呆有关的神经退行性模式.
主要方法:
- 研究了一组来自台湾认知障碍和痴呆症精准医学倡议 (TPMIC) 的604名老年人.
- 参与者接受了神经心理测试 (包括波士顿命名测试),T1加权MRI,扩散张力成像 (DTI) 和静止状态功能MRI (rs-fMRI).
- 112名参与者被诊断为MCI,482人在认知上正常.
主要成果:
- 命名能力受损与人口统计因素,临床条件和认知领域 (注意力,执行功能,记忆) 相相关.
- 命名缺陷与海马,杏仁体和/额叶皮层的大脑缩有关.
- 特定区域的白质完整性 (未结合的囊,下面的前后囊) 与命名性能有关,观察到右半球横向化.
结论:
- 命名能力障碍与认知能力下降和大脑结构变化有很大关系.
- 在白质完整性中观察到的横向性可能表明普通话说者的独特的神经退行模式.
- 这些发现支持开发基于语言的查工具,用于痴呆症检测和早期干预.
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