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相关概念视频

Preclinical Development: Overview01:28

Preclinical Development: Overview

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Preclinical development consists of a series of tests that ensure the safety and efficacy of a new therapeutic compound before it is tested in humans. There are four main phases to this process. First, safety pharmacology tests are conducted to ensure the drug does not produce any acutely harmful effects. These tests examine parameters such as bronchoconstriction, cardiac dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and ataxia. Next, preliminary toxicological testing is performed to determine the...
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Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

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Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
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Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview01:26

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Drugs, the chemical agents used in diagnosing, treating, or preventing diseases, undergo a four-phase process of development: pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic.
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...
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In Vitro Drug Release Testing: Overview, Development and Validation01:10

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In vitro dissolution and drug release tests assess how quickly and how much of a drug is released from its dosage form into an aqueous medium under standardized laboratory conditions. These tests are essential tools in pharmaceutical development and quality assurance, offering insight into the drug's performance before clinical use.During formulation development, dissolution testing identifies incomplete or inconsistent drug release issues. It also supports decisions on selecting the optimal...
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Drug Regulation01:25

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Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
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Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
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药物开发 药物开发

John E Harrison1

  • 1Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; King's College - Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, London, United Kingdom; Metis Cognition Ltd., Kilmington, Wiltshire, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

尽管受到批评,阿尔茨海默氏病评估尺度-认知 (ADAS-cog) 仍然是痴呆症研究的标准. 最近的认知评估显示,对早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 检测和跟踪进展充满希望.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 临床心理学 临床心理学
  • 老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 阿尔茨海默氏病评估尺度-认知 (ADAS-cog) 是阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 研究中的主要认知评估.
  • 尽管ADAS-cog被广泛使用,但它面临着重大批评,包括天花板效应和内容有效性差.
  • 自2000年以来,许多替代性认知评估已经开发出来,提供了更好的域覆盖和测试灵敏度.

研究的目的:

  • 审查阿尔茨海默病研究中认知评估的历史发展和持续使用.
  • 突出ADAS-cog的局限性和优质替代品的出现.
  • 倡导采用更有效的认知工具来推进AD研究.

主要方法:

  • 从2000年到现在,在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 研究中使用的认知评估工具的审查.
  • 与较新的评估相比,ADAS-cog的优点和弱点的分析.
  • 检查早期AD阶段复合认知评分的开发和应用.

主要成果:

  • 尽管存在缺陷,但ADAS-cog仍然是AD药物开发中首选的认知评估.
  • 新的认知电池和复合分数 (例如,PACC,ADCOMS) 显示出更好的测试灵敏度,特别是在早期的AD阶段.
  • 大量的研究工作集中在克服ADAS-cog的缺陷上,这表明需要更新的评估策略.

结论:

  • 由于ADAS-cog的局限性,需要在AD研究中转向更敏感和有效的认知评估.
  • 优化的复合分数显示了改善早期AD的检测和监测的潜力.
  • 更有效地利用当前和新兴的认知工具可以加速阿尔茨海默病研究和治疗的进步.