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临床表现临床表现

Andrew M Kiselica¹, Sidonia Compton², Shayne S-H Lin³

¹University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

|December 25, 2025

概括

认知分散测量在识别勒维体病和阿尔茨海默病生物标志物方面表现有前途. 虽然规范得分对疾病敏感,但在健康的老年人中,它们的测试可靠性是有限的.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知心理学认知心理学
老年学是指老年学的学科.

背景情况:

认知分散,或神经心理测试表现的个体内变异性,对认知障碍的严重程度敏感.
分散度的测量预测了阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 疾病进展.
缺乏实施工具限制了认知分散的临床使用.

研究的目的:

开发用于认知分散测量的规范得分计算方法.
评估这些规范分数的稳定性和测试复试可靠性.
检查认知分散得分和阿尔茨海默病生物标志物之间的关系.

主要方法:

开发了根据人口统计学调整的,基于回归的认知分散的规范得分,使用了来自4,283名认知无障碍的老年人的数据.
通过使用接收器运行特征曲线,评估勒维体病与认知障碍的区别.
在相关队列中评估了平均水平的稳定性,测试-重新测试的可靠性,以及与AD生物标志物 (粉样蛋白,,神经退行) 的关系.

主要成果:

创建了规范表和Excel计算器,用于规范认知分散得分.
认知分散得分准确地区分了勒维体病与认知不受损的个体 (AUC范围: .81-.88).
在没有损伤的个体中,得分显示出高稳定性 (d_rm范围: -.06-.01) 但低的测试复试可靠性 (r范围: .35-.51). 增加AD生物标志物负担与受损个体的认知分散增加相关.

结论:

规范认知分散得分显示出临床应用的潜力,特别是在区分特定的神经退行性疾病方面.
虽然测试重复测试可靠性可能是认知不受损人群的限制,但分散得分显示对疾病相关变化的敏感性.
这些发现支持认知分散在理解疾病异质性和神经退行性疾病进展方面的有用性.

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