接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后的抗体度和功能随着年龄的增长而降低,在患有唐氏综合征的成人和儿童中
Bianca M M Streng1, Lobke C M Hensen2, Eveline M Delemarre2
1Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Vaccine
|December 25, 2025
概括
与健康对照人群相比,患有唐氏综合征 (DS) 的人在接种COVID-19疫苗后显示抗体反应和中和减少. 疫苗在DS中的有效性取决于年龄,因此需要量身定制的免疫战略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 唐氏综合征 (DS) 患者表现出免疫系统的改变,导致对像SARS-CoV-2这样的感染的易感性增加.
- 之前的研究表明,在DS的成年人中,初级SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后抗体水平降低.
- 这项研究前性地检查了在儿童和成年人患有DS的COVID-19疫苗接种后的抗体反应和功能.
研究的目的:
- 在唐氏综合征 (DS) 患者和健康对照者 (HC) 接种SARS-CoV-2初级和强剂疫苗后评估和比较抗体度和中和标位.
- 研究DS患者年龄对疫苗反应的影响.
- 为了确定DS中疫苗反应缺陷是否在不同类型的疫苗 (mRNA和基于载体) 中一致.
主要方法:
- 疫苗接种后测量抗S和抗RBD抗体度和病毒中和标位 (ID50) 的前性研究.
- 参与者包括成年人 (N=215 DS,N=93 HC) 和患有DS的儿童,接受mRNA或基于载体的初级疫苗和mRNA增强剂.
- 在DS和HC组之间比较了抗体水平和中和能力,并在DS队列中分析了与年龄相关的趋势.
主要成果:
- 所有参与者都显示疫苗接种后抗体度增加,但DS患者的抗S和抗RBD抗体水平始终低于HC,不论主要疫苗类型.
- 在DS组中,抗S抗体度随着年龄的增长而下降;青少年 (12-17岁) 的水平最高,而较小的儿童 (<12岁) 的水平明显较低.
- 血清中和在mRNA和基于载体的初级疫苗接种后,与HC相比,DS的成年人血清中和明显较低.
结论:
- 这是第一个针对唐氏综合征 (DS) 的疫苗免疫学研究,包括儿童和成人.
- 与健康对照人群相比,患有DS的人在接受SARS-CoV-2初级和强剂疫苗接种后,抗体度和血清中和性降低.
- 在DS中观察到的疫苗反应缺陷是年龄相关的,这强调了在这个人群中需要特定年龄的免疫策略.
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