生物标志物 生物标志物
Yarovinsky Natalya1,2, Rafi Hadad3,4, Iris Heller3
1Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
诊断认知衰退需要全面的生物标志物分析. 在差异诊断中包括自身免疫性脑病变可以为认知障碍患者挽救生命.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物化学 生化学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 认知衰退的准确诊断对于神经退行性疾病的有效治疗至关重要.
- 进步使得可以测量阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 生物标志物和自身免疫抗体.
- 从2020年6月开始,实施了一种综合评估方法.
研究的目的:
- 评估认知障碍综合诊断方法的有效性.
- 为了实现底层病因学的准确的临床生物学诊断.
- 为了区分神经退行性和自身免疫性认知衰退的原因.
主要方法:
- 131名认知/行为恶化患者接受了腰部穿刺,以分析脑脊液 (CSF).
- 脑脊液分析包括细胞计数,蛋白质,葡萄糖,化物,细胞学,AD生物标志物 (tau,p-tau,Aβ42) 和抗体面板.
- 评估包括神经学,认知评估和成像.
主要成果:
- 在120名受试者中,59%的AD生物标志物检测呈阳性.
- 在92名受试者中,15%的受试者检测出神经瘤抗体呈阳性,其中8名具有生物标志物确认的AD和6名非AD病理.
- 在77个月内,有两名AD生物标志物和神经瘤抗体阳性患者死亡,6名接受免疫治疗,5名被诊断患有癌症.
结论:
- 生物标志物在诊断认知和行为障碍方面非常有价值,可以防止阿尔茨海默病的误诊.
- 在认知衰退的差异诊断中,应考虑自身免疫性脑病变.
- 及时诊断和适当治疗自身免疫性疾病可以挽救生命.
相关概念视频
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