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生物标志物生物标志物

Babak Ahmadi^1,2, Zohreh Morshedizad^1,2, Hojjatollah Sadeqi^1,2

¹University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

|December 25, 2025

概括

同时发生的阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 和勒维体 (LB) 病理加速大脑衰老,比单独出现的任何一种疾病都要多. 这凸显了对这些复杂的神经退行性疾病的综合生物标志物测定和向治疗的需要.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
生物标志物生物标志物
神经成像是一种神经成像.

背景情况:

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和莱维体 (LB) 病理常常并存,但它们对大脑衰老,缩和功能的综合影响尚未得到充分理解.
在α-synuclein种子放大试验 (SAA) 的进步允许体内检测LB病理,提供新的途径研究其与AD的相互作用.

研究的目的:

研究AD和LB病理同时发生在大脑衰老,缩和认知功能上的协同效应.
利用深度学习 (DL) 模型和种子放大试验 (SAA) 来量化具有明显AD和LB病理特征的个体的神经退行.

主要方法:

一个3D-DenseNet深度学习模型被训练在4,355个认知正常的个体的结构性MRI数据上,以估计大脑年龄.
在803名认知障碍参与者中,α-synuclein阳性由CSFSAA确定,AD阳性由p-tau₁₈₁/Aβ₄₂比率确定,将他们分为AD-LB-,AD-LB+,AD+LB-和AD+LB+亚组.
在四个病理学子组中,纵向分析了大脑年龄差距,区域特异性缩和认知表现.

主要成果:

AD+LB+亚组表现出最大的脑年龄差距,明显超过单一病理组的脑年龄差距,表明脑衰老加速.
性别分层分析揭示了性别依赖的脆弱性,男性在AD-亚组和AD+亚组的女性中显示出更高的大脑年龄差距.
由DL驱动的突出性地图突出显示了AD+LB+中枢时,头和基底腺区域的明显神经退行,与加速缩和最严重的认知缺陷相关.

结论:

同时发生的AD和LB病理协同增强神经退行并加速大脑衰老.
这些发现强调了联合生物标志物测试对于诊断和管理患有AD和LB病理同时存在的个体的关键重要性.
针对性干预对于解决AD和LB病理综合症患者观察到的放大神经退行性影响至关重要.

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