临床表现 临床表现
Keerthana Bengaluru Somashekar1, Aparna Lalana Venugopal1, Nithin Thanissery1
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
基于绩效的评估 (PBA) 有效地区分了轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和痴呆症患者使用现实生活任务的认知障碍. 这些生态有效的措施对于在不同人群中进行准确诊断至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 认知障碍往往表现为日常活动中的困难.
- 传统的认知测试通常是基于纸质的,有利于受过教育的人.
- 需要对认知障碍进行生态有效,以人为中心的评估.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种基于绩效的评估 (PBA),用于在现实生活中识别认知缺陷.
- 评估轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和痴呆症患者的执行功能.
- 评估PBA在不同的人口群体中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个范围审查确定了PBA开发的合适任务.
- 三项任务 (,包装,购物) 已经完成并经过专家验证.
- 参与者 (认知正常,MCI,痴呆症) 完成了PBA任务,社会人口统计评估和标准认知/功能评估 (ACE-III,CDR,IADL).
主要成果:
- 该PBA证明了良好的interrater可靠性和内部一致性 (克朗巴赫的α>0.7).
- 与MCI和认知正常组相比,痴呆症患者表现出明显更多的错误和更长的完成时间.
- PBA结果与标准认知得分 (ACE-III,CDR,CDI) 有负相关性,表明对认知能力下降的敏感性.
结论:
- 开发的PBA成功地区分了认知正常,MCI和痴呆症组.
- 这些任务适用于各种人口统计数据,包括识字和社会经济背景,适合各种社会.
- PBA增强了复杂的日常活动中认知障碍的检测,支持临床应用.
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