临床表现 临床表现
Emily Post1, Genna M Mashinchi2, Taylor F Levine1
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
歧视经历在种族和民族群体之间不同地影响认知功能和功能独立. 研究结果表明,对西班牙裔/拉丁裔个体的功能衰退有特定的影响,在黑人美国人和非西班牙裔白人成年人中存在复杂的关系.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 健康的社会决定因素
- 健康差异研究 研究健康差异研究
背景情况:
- 心理社会压力和歧视与认知能力下降有关,特别是执行功能.
- 虽然研究了种族歧视的认知影响,但其他形式的歧视需要进一步调查.
- 本研究研究了不同成年人群体中各种形式的歧视和认知表现之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 评估歧视经历 (性别,年龄,祖先,宗教,性取向,外表) 与认知表现之间的关联.
- 调查这些黑人美国人 (BA),西班牙裔/拉丁裔 (HL) 和非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 成年人的关系.
- 探索歧视对认知测试和功能独立性的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自1647名健康和衰老大脑研究-健康差异 (HABS-HD) 参与者的数据.
- 使用斯皮尔曼相关性和一般线性模型 (GLMs) 来分析自我报告的歧视 (日常歧视量表 (EDS)) 与认知分数 (SEVLT,TMTB) 和功能独立性 (CDR) 相比.
- 在统计分析中对年龄,性别和教育进行控制.
主要成果:
- 在美国黑人成年人中,更高的歧视与更好的Trail Making Test Part B (TMTB) 和SEVLT延迟表现相关.
- 具有较高歧视的非西班牙裔白人成年人显示,与更好的SEVLT学习和TMTB成绩存在微弱但重要的联系.
- 拉丁裔/西班牙裔成年人遭受更高的歧视,其功能独立性 (CDR) 较差,这一发现得到了GLM对共变量进行控制的支持.
结论:
- 歧视似乎对西班牙裔/拉丁裔个体的功能衰退产生独特的影响.
- 在黑人美国人和非西班牙裔白人队伍中观察到的反向关系需要进一步调查.
- 歧视对认知的影响是复杂的,并且在种族/民族群体之间存在差异,需要更广泛的上下文研究,包括社会决定因素和弹性因素.
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