生物标志物 生物标志物
Cody Karjadi1,2, Huitong Ding1,2, Mahdi Khemakhem1,2
1Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
数字语音分析为早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 检测提供了一种可扩展的方法. 一个新的开源工具包使科学进步的可访问语音数据处理成为可能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
背景情况:
- 数字语音分析正在成为早期检测阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 认知障碍的不那么偏见和更具可扩展性的方法.
- 开源工具的开发,如FreeSurfer用于大脑MRI处理,加速了AD/ADRD研究.
- 这项工作引入了一个工具包,以类似地推进数字语音用于AD/ADRD科学发现的使用.
研究的目的:
- 开发和发布数字语音处理的开放访问工具包,以协助认知障碍的科学研究.
- 为研究人员提供可访问的,非专有工具来分析与ADRD相关的语音数据.
主要方法:
- 全球研究和成像平台 (GRIP) 正在开发一个开放访问平台,工具包的第一个版本发布在GitHub上.
- 该工具包整合了各种用于语音处理任务的开源软件包,这些软件包在超过33,000份Framingham Heart Study (FHS) 录音和其他公共数据集上进行了测试.
- 为方便使用和部署,提供了详细的文档和Docker容器化.
主要成果:
- 该工具包包括用于语言识别的管道,扬声器日记化 (通过pyannote.audio实现9.0%的DER),以及在MinDS-14和DisfluencySpeech.等数据集上的自动语音识别 (ASR).
- 对于ASR的评估管道提供了诸如文字错误率和字符错误率等指标.
- 从FHS录音中提取了声学特征 (openSMILE,Data2vec,Wav2Vec2) 和NLP特征 (暂停,词汇多样性).
结论:
- 数字语音分析为在现实环境中收集认知相关数据提供了一个理想的,可扩展的方法.
- 这种模块化工具包的持续开发有助于高效,非专有数字语音处理.
- GRIP平台旨在使全球用户,无论技术专业知识如何,能够利用强大的语音处理管道.
相关概念视频
01:20Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers
749
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
749
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
516
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
516