临床表现 临床表现
Augusto Colferai Marcon1, Sarah Vitoria Bristot Carnevalli2, Pedro Hall Ruschel3
1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了痴呆症诊断和公共卫生患者专业护理的延迟,COVID-19大流行加剧了这种情况. 调查结果表明,从初级保健中出现了潜在的错误转诊,突显了改善痴呆症护理途径的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 痴呆症是一种渐进性的认知衰退综合征,通常与衰老和神经退行性疾病有关.
- 它不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家,其中三分之二的全球痴呆症人口居住在这些国家.
- 初级保健在识别和转介患者到专业痴呆服务方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 评估从初级保健转移到波多阿莱格里的专业痴呆服务的患者的社会人口统计和临床概况.
- 评估COVID-19大流行对痴呆症患者转诊过程的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了2019年至2022年期间在痴呆症门诊诊所的首次咨询情况.
- 纳入标准:在波尔图阿莱格里的两个三级医院,从公立初级保健网络进行首次咨询.
- 收集的数据包括社会人口统计信息,临床资料和基于最后一次咨询的诊断.
主要成果:
- 对251名患者 (2019年为119人,2022年为132人) 的分析显示,患者中位数年龄 (70至73岁) 和症状发病年龄 (66至69岁) 显著增加.
- 2019年至2022年间,症状持续时间的中位数从1年增加到2年,翻了一番.
- 迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 的中位数仍然为18分,精神病诊断的流行率显著 (23.5%在2019年,16.7%在2022年).
结论:
- 这些发现表明痴呆症诊断的延迟和在公共卫生系统内获得专业护理,特别是在COVID-19流行病后.
- 精神病诊断的高患病率表明,从初级保健机构可能出现误导.
- 在初级保健痴呆症查和转诊途径的改进是有必要的.
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